Volume 202, 2017

Cellulose nanocrystals by acid vapour: towards more effortless isolation of cellulose nanocrystals

Abstract

Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) are topical in materials science but their full potential is yet to be fulfilled because of bottlenecks in the production: the process consumes huge amounts of water, recycling the strong acid catalyst is difficult, and purification steps are cumbersome, particularly with lengthy dialysis. Production of CNCs with HCl vapour overcomes many of these difficulties but the dispersion of CNCs from the already hydrolysed fibre matrix is a formidable challenge. This study is a fundamental effort to explore very basic means to facilitate CNC dispersion from cotton linter fibres (filter paper), hydrolysed to levelling off degree of polymerization by HCl vapour. The introduction of carboxylic groups on the cellulose crystal surface proved the most efficient method to alleviate dispersion with good yields (ca. 50%) and a provisional possibility to tune the CNC length. By contrast, attempts to directly disperse untreated hydrolysed fibres in various organic solvents and aqueous surfactant solutions were unsuccessful. The results showed that hydrolysis of native cellulose fibres by HCl vapour is indeed a viable method for producing CNCs but it has more potential as a pre-treatment step rather than a full-fledged process on its own.

Associated articles

Article information

Article type
Paper
Submitted
31 Jan 2017
Accepted
27 Feb 2017
First published
27 Feb 2017

Faraday Discuss., 2017,202, 315-330

Cellulose nanocrystals by acid vapour: towards more effortless isolation of cellulose nanocrystals

M. Lorenz, S. Sattler, M. Reza, A. Bismarck and E. Kontturi, Faraday Discuss., 2017, 202, 315 DOI: 10.1039/C7FD00053G

To request permission to reproduce material from this article, please go to the Copyright Clearance Center request page.

If you are an author contributing to an RSC publication, you do not need to request permission provided correct acknowledgement is given.

If you are the author of this article, you do not need to request permission to reproduce figures and diagrams provided correct acknowledgement is given. If you want to reproduce the whole article in a third-party publication (excluding your thesis/dissertation for which permission is not required) please go to the Copyright Clearance Center request page.

Read more about how to correctly acknowledge RSC content.

Social activity

Spotlight

Advertisements