Issue 24, 2018

Formation of self-limited, stable and conductive interfaces between garnet electrolytes and lithium anodes for reversible lithium cycling in solid-state batteries

Abstract

Solid-state batteries (SSBs) have already attracted significant attention due to their potential to offer high energy density and excellent safety as compared to the currently used lithium-ion batteries with liquid electrolytes. The use of a lithium anode in SSBs is extremely important to realize these advantages. Starting from the synthesis of a highly conductive cubic garnet solid electrolyte (Li6.375La3Zr1.375Nb0.625O12, LLZNO) using Nb as a structure stabilizer, in this study, we demonstrated the resolution of interfacial problems between the garnet electrolyte and lithium anode and the integration of the lithium anode into garnet-based SSBs by modifying the as-synthesized LLZNO with a Sn thin film. Due to the Sn modification, the interfacial resistances between the garnet electrolyte and the lithium anode decreased approximately 20 times to only 46.6 Ω cm2. The fast and reversible lithium plating/stripping under high current densities and the excellent battery performance of Li/Sn-LLZNO/LiFePO4 full cells were achieved. This improvement is ascribed to the formation of a Li–Sn alloy interlayer, which severs as a self-limited stable and conductive interface, bridging the garnet electrolyte and the lithium anode and enabling fast and stable lithium transport. As a proof-of-concept, this effective surface modification method will offer inspirations to researchers for overcoming the interfacial problems and promoting the development of high-performance SSBs.

Graphical abstract: Formation of self-limited, stable and conductive interfaces between garnet electrolytes and lithium anodes for reversible lithium cycling in solid-state batteries

Supplementary files

Article information

Article type
Paper
Submitted
11 Mar 2018
Accepted
17 May 2018
First published
18 May 2018

J. Mater. Chem. A, 2018,6, 11463-11470

Formation of self-limited, stable and conductive interfaces between garnet electrolytes and lithium anodes for reversible lithium cycling in solid-state batteries

M. He, Z. Cui, C. Chen, Y. Li and X. Guo, J. Mater. Chem. A, 2018, 6, 11463 DOI: 10.1039/C8TA02276C

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