Issue 3, 2016

The smallest quaternary ammonium salts with ether groups for high-performance electrochemical double layer capacitors

Abstract

Electrochemical double layer capacitors (EDLCs) are energy storage devices that have been used for a wide range of electronic applications. In particular, the electrolyte is one of the important components, directly related to the capacitance and stability. Herein, we first report a series of the smallest quaternary ammonium salts (QASs), with ether groups on tails and tetrafluoroborate (BF4) as an anion, for use in EDLCs. To find the optimal structure, various QASs with different sized head groups and ether-containing tail groups were systematically compared. Comparing two nearly identical structures with and without ether groups, QASs with oxygen atoms showed improved capacitance, proving that ions with oxygen atoms move more easily than their counterparts at lower electric fields. Moreover, the ether containing QASs showed low activation energy values of conductivities, leading to smaller IR drops during the charge and discharge processes, resulting in an overall higher capacitance.

Graphical abstract: The smallest quaternary ammonium salts with ether groups for high-performance electrochemical double layer capacitors

Supplementary files

Article information

Article type
Edge Article
Submitted
28 Jul 2015
Accepted
29 Nov 2015
First published
30 Nov 2015
This article is Open Access

All publication charges for this article have been paid for by the Royal Society of Chemistry
Creative Commons BY license

Chem. Sci., 2016,7, 1791-1796

The smallest quaternary ammonium salts with ether groups for high-performance electrochemical double layer capacitors

T. Han, M. Park, J. Kim, J. H. Kim and K. Kim, Chem. Sci., 2016, 7, 1791 DOI: 10.1039/C5SC02755A

This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported Licence. You can use material from this article in other publications without requesting further permissions from the RSC, provided that the correct acknowledgement is given.

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