Issue 12, 2012

Estrogen Receptor α/β–cofactor motif interactions; interplay of tyrosine 537/488 phosphorylation and LXXLL motifs

Abstract

The Estrogen Receptors ERα and ERβ bind cofactor proteins via short LXXLL motifs. The exact regulation and selectivity of these interactions remains an open question and the role of post-translational modifications (PTMs) is virtually unexplored. Here, we designed an X7–LXXLL–X7 T7 phage display library and screened this against four ER protein constructs: the ‘naked’ ERα and ERβ Ligand Binding Domains (LBDs) and the tyrosine phosphorylated ERα (pY537) and ERβ (pY488) LBDs. The site-selective tyrosine phosphorylated protein constructs were obtained via a protein semi-synthesis approach. Phage display screening yielded preferential sets of peptides. LXXLL peptides with a low pI/acidic C-terminus prefer binding to the naked ERβ over the phosphorylated ERβ analogue and ERα constructs. Peptides with a high pI/basic C-terminus show the opposite behaviour. These findings not only show regulation of the ERβ–cofactor interaction via tyrosine phosphorylation, but also suggest that ERβ and its tyrosine 488 phosphorylation play crucial roles in modulating interactions of coactivators to ERα since the natural Steroid Receptor Coactivators (SRCs) feature LXXLL motifs with acidic C-termini, while the repressor protein RIP140 features LXXLL motifs with basic C-termini. This insight provides explanation for ER transcriptional activity and can lead to more focussed targeting of the ER–coactivator interaction.

Graphical abstract: Estrogen Receptor α/β–cofactor motif interactions; interplay of tyrosine 537/488 phosphorylation and LXXLL motifs

Supplementary files

Article information

Article type
Paper
Submitted
29 Jun 2012
Accepted
07 Aug 2012
First published
09 Aug 2012

Mol. BioSyst., 2012,8, 3134-3141

Estrogen Receptor α/β–cofactor motif interactions; interplay of tyrosine 537/488 phosphorylation and LXXLL motifs

H. D. Nguyen, T. T. P. Phan, M. Carraz and L. Brunsveld, Mol. BioSyst., 2012, 8, 3134 DOI: 10.1039/C2MB25257K

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