Chloride ion impact on materials for light-emitting electrochemical cells

Gabriel E. Schneider; Henk J. Bolink; Edwin C. Constable; Cathrin D. Ertl; Catherine E. Housecroft; Antonio Pertegàs; Jennifer A. Zampese; Andreas Kanitz; Florian Kessler; Sebastian B. Meier

doi:10.1039/C3DT53229A

Chloride ion impact on materials for light-emitting electrochemical cells†

Gabriel E. Schneider,^a Henk J. Bolink,^bc Edwin C. Constable,*^a Cathrin D. Ertl,^a Catherine E. Housecroft,^a Antonio Pertegàs,^bc Jennifer A. Zampese,^a Andreas Kanitz,^d Florian Kessler^d and Sebastian B. Meier^d

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* Corresponding authors

^a Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, Spitalstrasse 51, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
E-mail: edwin.constable@unibas.ch

^b Instituto de Ciencia Molecular, Universidad de Valencia, Catedrático José Beltrán 2, Paterna, Spain
E-mail: henk.bolink@uv.es

^c Fundació General de la Universitat de Valencia (FGUV), PO Box 22085, Valencia, Spain

^d Siemens AG, Corporate Technology CT RTC MAT IEC-DE, Günther-Scharowsky-Str. 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany

Abstract

Small quantities of Cl⁻ ions result in dramatic reductions in the performance of ionic transition metal complexes in light-emitting electrochemical cells. Strong ion-pairing between aromatic protons and chloride has been established in both the solid state and solution. X-ray structural determination of 2{[Ir(ppy)₂(bpy)][Cl]}·2CH₂Cl₂·[H₃O]·Cl reveals the unusual nature of an impurity encountered in the preparation of [Ir(ppy)₂(bpy)][PF₆].

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Chloride ion impact on materials for light-emitting electrochemical cells†

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