Issue 8, 2013

New materials based on a layered sodium titanate for dual electrochemical Na and Li intercalation systems

Abstract

The electrochemical properties of materials derived from NaTi3O6(OH)·2H2O have been investigated for the first time. The parent compound has a corrugated layered structure consisting of {Ti6O14}4− units with hydrated sodium cations and protons in the interlayer spaces. Upon heating to 600 °C, water is removed irreversibly, the interlayer distances become smaller, and connecting bonds between the octahedral layers form. It was found that this material can reversibly intercalate both lithium and sodium. The initial specific discharge capacities, as measured in half-cells, varied with the state of hydration and the nature of the counter electrode (Na or Li). The electrochemical potential showed a non-linear sloping dependence with degree of intercalation, indicative of a solid-solution mechanism of intercalation. The process was centered at a low average potential of about 0.3 V vs. Na or Li, the lowest ever reported for titanate-based Li hosts. The higher density and potential for higher rate capability of this compound, in comparison to carbonaceous materials with similar voltage and reversible capacities, make a compelling case for its development as an anode material, for both lithium and sodium ion batteries.

Graphical abstract: New materials based on a layered sodium titanate for dual electrochemical Na and Li intercalation systems

Supplementary files

Article information

Article type
Paper
Submitted
26 Mar 2013
Accepted
30 May 2013
First published
07 Jun 2013

Energy Environ. Sci., 2013,6, 2538-2547

New materials based on a layered sodium titanate for dual electrochemical Na and Li intercalation systems

M. Shirpour, J. Cabana and M. Doeff, Energy Environ. Sci., 2013, 6, 2538 DOI: 10.1039/C3EE41037D

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