Ruthenium and palladium bimetallic nanoparticles achieving functional parity with a rhodium cocatalyst for TiO2-photocatalyzed ring hydrogenation of benzoic acid

Kousuke Nakanishi; Sakae Araki; Kousuke Nomoto; Yuichi Onoue; Ryosuke Yagi; Hiroyuki Asakura; Atsuhiro Tanaka; Tsunehiro Tanaka; Hiroshi Kominami

doi:10.1039/D3CP01379K

Ruthenium and palladium bimetallic nanoparticles achieving functional parity with a rhodium cocatalyst for TiO₂-photocatalyzed ring hydrogenation of benzoic acid†

Kousuke Nakanishi,^a Sakae Araki,^a Kousuke Nomoto,^a Yuichi Onoue,^a Ryosuke Yagi,^a Hiroyuki Asakura,^b Atsuhiro Tanaka,^b Tsunehiro Tanaka

^c and Hiroshi Kominami

*^b

Author affiliations

* Corresponding authors

^a Department of Molecular and Material Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Kindai University, Kowakae, Higashiosaka, Osaka 577-8502, Japan

^b Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kindai University, Kowakae, Higashiosaka, Osaka 577-8502, Japan
E-mail: hiro@apch.kindai.ac.jp

^c Department of Molecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyotodaigaku Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan

Abstract

Our previous study showed that a rhodium (Rh) cocatalyst is indispensable for ring hydrogenation of benzoic acid over a titanium(IV) oxide (TiO₂) photocatalyst. In this study, we explored ring hydrogenation under an Rh-free condition by using two kinds of cocatalyst that were inactive for this reaction when used solely. Cyclohexanecarboxylic acid as the ring hydrogenation product was successfully obtained when ruthenium (Ru) and palladium (Pd) were simultaneously loaded on TiO₂, indicating that this bimetallic system can be used in place of an Rh cocatalyst in ring hydrogenation. The state and distribution of Ru and Pd in particles loaded on TiO₂ were investigated by transmission electron microscopy, X-ray photon spectroscopy, and X-ray absorption near edge structure analysis. The functions of Ru and Pd as cocatalysts are discussed on the basis of results of characterization and activity tests. The effects of different contents of Ru and Pd in Ru–Pd/TiO₂ prepared by a two-step photodeposition method on catalytic activity and the features of the reaction system were investigated in detail.

This article is part of the themed collection: 2023 PCCP HOT Articles

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Article information

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1039/D3CP01379K
Article type: Paper
Submitted: 27 Mar 2023
Accepted: 07 Jul 2023
First published: 10 Jul 2023

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Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 2023,25, 21868-21874

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Ruthenium and palladium bimetallic nanoparticles achieving functional parity with a rhodium cocatalyst for TiO₂-photocatalyzed ring hydrogenation of benzoic acid

K. Nakanishi, S. Araki, K. Nomoto, Y. Onoue, R. Yagi, H. Asakura, A. Tanaka, T. Tanaka and H. Kominami, Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 2023, 25, 21868 DOI: 10.1039/D3CP01379K

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