Issue 15, 1998

IR spectroscopy of small and weakly interacting molecular probes for acidic and basic zeolites

Abstract

The application of small and weakly interacting probe molecules for the characterization of acidic and basic properties by FTIR spectroscopy is exemplified by using H- and alkali cation-exchanged zeolites as typical solid Brönsted and Lewis acids and Lewis bases. Criteria for the selection of probe molecules are given. Brönsted acidity can be characterized by the H-bonding method when CO and N2 are used as molecular probes. Quantum chemical calculations are shown to provide important additional information on the electronic nature of the adsorption interaction and the vibrational behaviour of the probe molecule. Lewis acidity dominates in cation-exchanged zeolites for small cations (Li+, Na+) whereas basic properties develop with increasing cation radius. CO, CO2, N2 and CH4 interact with cation centers, the interaction energy decreasing with increasing cation radius. CO at very low equilibrium pressures permits a siting of Na+, and the Al distribution in six-rings (SII-sites) can be probed. CH4 interacts with cations in the M+···H3CH configuration having C3v symmetry. CH-acids such as Cl3CH(D), acetylene and methylacetylene, are shown to be potentially suitable probe molecules for basic properties using the H-bonding method. All three molecules undergo Oz2−···H–C H-bonding and the induced red-shift of the C–H stretching frequency permits a ranking of the base strength of a given series of materials.

Article information

Article type
Paper

J. Chem. Soc., Faraday Trans., 1998,94, 2047-2059

IR spectroscopy of small and weakly interacting molecular probes for acidic and basic zeolites

H. Knözinger and S. Huber, J. Chem. Soc., Faraday Trans., 1998, 94, 2047 DOI: 10.1039/A802189I

To request permission to reproduce material from this article, please go to the Copyright Clearance Center request page.

If you are an author contributing to an RSC publication, you do not need to request permission provided correct acknowledgement is given.

If you are the author of this article, you do not need to request permission to reproduce figures and diagrams provided correct acknowledgement is given. If you want to reproduce the whole article in a third-party publication (excluding your thesis/dissertation for which permission is not required) please go to the Copyright Clearance Center request page.

Read more about how to correctly acknowledge RSC content.

Spotlight

Advertisements