Issue 15, 2010

Evolution of mud-crack patterns during repeated drying cycles

Abstract

In mud, crack patterns are frequently seen with either an approximately rectilinear or hexagonal tiling. Here we show, experimentally, how a desiccation crack pattern changes from being dominated by 90° joint angles, to 120° joint angles. Layers of bentonite clay, a few mm thick, were repeatedly wetted and dried. When dried, the layers crack. These cracks visibly close when rewetted, but a similar crack pattern forms when the layer is redried, with cracks forming along the lines of previously open cracks. Time-lapse photography was used to show how the sequence in which individual cracks open is different in each generation of drying. The geometry of the crack pattern was observed after each of 25 generations of wetting and drying. The angles between cracks were found to approach 120°, with a relaxation time of approximately 4 generations. This was accompanied by a gradual change in the position of the crack vertices, as the crack pattern evolved. A simple model of crack behavior in a layer where the positions of previously open cracks define lines of weakness is developed to explain these observations.

Graphical abstract: Evolution of mud-crack patterns during repeated drying cycles

Article information

Article type
Paper
Submitted
28 Oct 2009
Accepted
31 Mar 2010
First published
29 May 2010

Soft Matter, 2010,6, 3562-3567

Evolution of mud-crack patterns during repeated drying cycles

L. Goehring, R. Conroy, A. Akhter, W. J. Clegg and A. F. Routh, Soft Matter, 2010, 6, 3562 DOI: 10.1039/B922206E

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