Issue 8, 2012

Orthogonal, metal-free surface modification by strain-promoted azide–alkyne and nitrile oxide–alkene/alkyne cycloadditions

Abstract

In this article we present a fast and efficient methodology for biochemical surface patterning under extremely mild conditions. Micropatterned azide/benzaldoxime-surfaces were prepared by microcontact printing of a heterobifunctional cyclooctyne oxime linker on azide-terminated self-assembled monolayers (SAMs). Strain-promoted azide–alkyne cycloaddition (SPAAC) in combination with microcontact printing allows fast and effective surface patterning. The resulting bifunctional azide/oxime substrates could successfully be used for metal-free, orthogonal immobilization of various biomolecules by 1,3-dipolar cycloadditions at room temperature. Azide-decorated areas were modified by reaction with a cyclooctyne-conjugate using SPAAC, while benzaldoxime-decorated areas were activated by in situ oxidation to the reactive nitrile oxides and subsequent nitrile oxide cycloaddition with alkene- and alkyne-functionalized bioconjugates. In addition, orthogonal double immobilization was achieved by consecutive and independent SPAAC and nitrile oxide cycloadditions.

Graphical abstract: Orthogonal, metal-free surface modification by strain-promoted azide–alkyne and nitrile oxide–alkene/alkyne cycloadditions

Supplementary files

Article information

Article type
Edge Article
Submitted
02 May 2012
Accepted
01 Jun 2012
First published
13 Jun 2012

Chem. Sci., 2012,3, 2479-2484

Orthogonal, metal-free surface modification by strain-promoted azide–alkyne and nitrile oxidealkene/alkyne cycloadditions

C. Wendeln, I. Singh, S. Rinnen, C. Schulz, H. F. Arlinghaus, G. A. Burley and B. J. Ravoo, Chem. Sci., 2012, 3, 2479 DOI: 10.1039/C2SC20555F

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