Characterization of strain recovery and “self-healing” in a self-assembled metallo-gel

Abstract

We report a self-assembled metallo suprapolymer gel exhibiting remarkable self-healing features. The Ni₂BTC metallo suprapolymer gels result from the complexation of Ni²⁺ metal ions by a tritopic ligand (bis-terpyridine cyclam) in dimethylformamide (DMF) and an annealing step at 50 °C for 24 hours. The self-healing properties are characterized by visual inspection, rheological and impedance spectroscopy measurements: the results are compared with those of a fatty acid-based molecular organogel chosen as a reference system. The creep–recovery analysis uses the Burgers model for low strains and characterizes a recovery capability of up to 72% of the deformation in Ni₂BTC gels while it is only 32% for the fatty acid organogel. At very large strains, the impedance spectroscopy confirms the slow repairing process consistently with the visual observations. Rheological measurements demonstrate the restructuring of the fractured networks. The fatigue of the self-healed gel networks undergoing long sequences of strain-relaxation steps is characterized.