Palladium supported on a magnetic microgel: an efficient and recyclable catalyst for Suzuki and Heck reactions in water

Abstract

A novel heterogeneous Pd catalyst was synthesized by anchoring palladium(II) onto poly(undecylenic acid-co-N-isopropylacrylamide-co-potassium 4-acryloxyoylpyridine-2,6-dicarboxylate)-coated Fe₃O₄ (Fe₃O₄@PUNP) magnetic microgel. The catalyst (Fe₃O₄@PUNP-Pd) was characterized by FT-IR, TEM, VSM, XRD and XPS, and the loading level of Pd in Fe₃O₄@PUNP-Pd catalyst was measured to be 0.330 mmol g⁻¹ by AAS. This catalyst exhibits excellent catalytic activity for the Suzuki and Heck reactions in water. In addition, the Fe₃O₄@PUNP-Pd catalyst can be easily separated and recovered with an external permanent magnet, and the reuse experiment shows that it can be used consecutively six times without significant loss in catalytic activity.