Issue 4, 2014

Out-of-plane ion concentration polarization for scalable water desalination

Abstract

We present a scalable, out-of-plane desalination approach using ion concentration polarization. A depletion boundary separates salt ions and purified water into distinct vertical layers. The out-of-plane design enables multiplexing in three dimensions, providing the functional density required for practical application. For membrane widths of 125–200 μm, and applied voltage of 5 V, the energy requirement is 4.6 Wh L−1 for 20 mM solution, and 13.8 Wh L−1 for 200 mM. Energy efficiency is found to be insensitive to flow rate as the depletion boundary adjusts to yield a commensurate volume of purified water. Scaled-up devices are presented, which have a 3-fold improvement in functional density over planar systems.

Graphical abstract: Out-of-plane ion concentration polarization for scalable water desalination

Supplementary files

Article information

Article type
Technical Innovation
Submitted
08 Nov 2013
Accepted
28 Nov 2013
First published
28 Nov 2013

Lab Chip, 2014,14, 681-685

Out-of-plane ion concentration polarization for scalable water desalination

B. D. MacDonald, M. M. Gong, P. Zhang and D. Sinton, Lab Chip, 2014, 14, 681 DOI: 10.1039/C3LC51255J

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