Poly(phenylene oxide) functionalized with quaternary ammonium groups via flexible alkyl spacers for high-performance anion exchange membranes

Abstract

We have attached quaternary ammonium (QA) groups to poly(phenylene oxide) via flexible and stable heptyl side chains by using a straightforward synthetic route involving bromoalkylation and quaternization. Membranes based on these polymers showed efficient phase separation, significantly enhanced hydroxide ion conductivity and far superior alkaline stability in relation to corresponding polymers with QA groups placed in benzylic positions directly on the backbone.