Melt-cast materials: combining the advantages of highly nitrated azoles and open-chain nitramines

Abstract

Numerous efforts to substitute TNT as the melt-cast matrix in explosive charges are ongoing due to its low performance and security issues. In this study the syntheses and full structural as well as spectroscopic characterizations of 2-nitrazapropyl substituted polynitroazoles, as potential melt-cast explosives, are presented. This straightforward method of derivatizing the heterocyclic N–H function by introducing a further energetic group improved the stability and energetic properties of the products. X-ray crystallographic measurements were performed for all compounds and afforded insights into structural characteristics such as strong intermolecular interactions. All compounds were characterized in terms of their sensitivities towards impact, friction and electrostatic discharge, and their thermal stabilities. The energetic properties were calculated with the EXPLO5 6.02 program.