Novel organotin complexes derived from 2,2′-selenodiacetic acid: synthesis and biological evaluation

Abstract

The reactions of 2,2′-selenodiacetic acid and the corresponding organotin(IV) chloride with sodium ethoxide in ethanol, or via a solvothermal synthetic route, have afforded four organotin polymers, namely, [(Me₃Sn)₂Se(CH₂COO)₂]_n (1), [(Me₂Sn)₂Se(CH₂COO)₂(μ₃-O)]_n (2), [(Bu₃Sn)₂Se(CH₂COO)₂]_n (3), and [(Bu₂Sn)Se(CH₂COO)₂]_n (4). All the complexes were fully characterized by elemental analysis, FT-IR, NMR (¹H, ¹³C, and ¹¹⁹Sn) spectroscopy and single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. The structural analysis reveals that complex 1 is a 2D-polymer containing interconnected 24-membered (Sn₄O₈C₁₀Se₂) macrocyclic rings. Unlike complex 1, the 2D polymer structure of complex 2 is made up of the typical ladder tetraorganodistannoxane unit containing 32-membered (Sn₄O₈C₁₆Se₄) macrocyclic rings. Complex 3 is a 3D corrugated polymeric structure in which the deprotonated dicarboxylic acid acts as a tetradentate ligand by four oxygen atoms. Complex 4 is a 1D zigzag coordination polymer and the tin coordination geometry is described as skewed-trapezoidal bipyramidal. In particular, preliminary cytotoxic assessments of the involvement of complex 4 in the apoptotic death of MDA cells were conducted, and the results revealed that the antiproliferative and proapoptotic effect of complex 4 in MDA cells prominently contributed to the overload of intracellular ROS levels and the dysfunctional depolarization of mitochondrial membranes.