Issue 64, 2016, Issue in Progress

Preparation of rutile TiO2 by hydrolysis of TiOCl2 solution: experiment and theory

Abstract

Titanium slag with a perovskite phase (CaTiO3) is difficult to use in traditional titanium dioxide production. Herein, we demonstrate that HCl can decompose CaTiO3 with a high acidolysis ratio of >97 wt% to obtain a TiOCl2 solution. With subsequent hydrolysis and calcination, rutile TiO2 was synthesised in one step without crystalline-structure transformation. As hydrolysis of the TiOCl2 solution to prepare metatitanic acid (H2TiO3) is an essential step in the process, a simulated pure TiOCl2 solution (prepared from TiCl4 and H2O) was confirmed to have the same structure in water as HCl-treated CaTiO3 slag by Raman spectroscopy. The TiOCl2 solution was also concluded to have the Ti compound cluster of (Ti2O2)(H2O)4Cl4, based on DFT calculations from the Raman data and the curve fit for the hydrolysis ratio. By elucidating the relationship between the H2TiO3 particle size and the concentration of Ti4+ and HCl, we identified the nuclear energy as -19.46 kJ mol−1. Moreover, a complete scheme for the production of rutile TiO2, induced by TiOCl2 solution hydrolysis, was proposed. Periodic structures show the feasibility of the following transformation occurring through a simple structural rearrangement: (Ti2O2)(H2O)4Cl4 (in solution)–Ti(OH)(H2O)2Cl3 (with addition of HCl)–Ti(OH)2Cl2 (1-dimentional growth and removal of HCl)–rutile-type Ti(OH)2Cl2 (stack)–rutile TiO2 (with removal of HCl).

Graphical abstract: Preparation of rutile TiO2 by hydrolysis of TiOCl2 solution: experiment and theory

Article information

Article type
Paper
Submitted
18 Feb 2016
Accepted
16 Jun 2016
First published
16 Jun 2016

RSC Adv., 2016,6, 59541-59549

Preparation of rutile TiO2 by hydrolysis of TiOCl2 solution: experiment and theory

Y. Liu, D. Shao, W. Wang, L. Yi, D. Chen, H. Zhao, J. Wu, T. Qi and C. Cao, RSC Adv., 2016, 6, 59541 DOI: 10.1039/C6RA04386K

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