Issue 81, 2016, Issue in Progress

Preparation of renewable lignin-derived nitrogen-doped carbon nanospheres as anodes for lithium-ion batteries

Abstract

For the common concern that general lignin-based colloidal spheres suffer the weakness of spherical structure destruction during the pyrolysis process, novel uniform lignin-derived nitrogen-doped carbon nanospheres were prepared by direct pyrolysis of lignin-based azo polymer (AL-azo-NO2) colloidal spheres at 750 °C. In addition, a kind of hard carbon with high graphitization degree was also prepared as a control by direct pyrolysis of alkali lignin (AL). The morphology and structure of the as-obtained carbon materials were investigated by field emission scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction patterns, Raman spectra and elemental analysis. They served as anodes in lithium-ion batteries with the aim to investigate the electrochemical performance. These two kinds of lignin-derived carbon materials exhibited different electrochemical performances due to their various structures and functional groups. The nitrogen-doped carbon nanospheres (CSAN-750) exhibited a high cyclic stable capacity up to 225 mA h g−1 at a current density of 60 mA g−1 after 50 cycles (CAL-750, 120 mA h g−1) coupled with high first coulombic efficiency up to 66.4% for CSAN-3000 with a cyclic capacity of 200 mA h g−1, which is more comparable to that of the CAL-3000 (53.3%, 199 mA h g−1). This research indicates the great promise of lignin applied in producing hard carbon materials and further energy storage systems.

Graphical abstract: Preparation of renewable lignin-derived nitrogen-doped carbon nanospheres as anodes for lithium-ion batteries

Article information

Article type
Paper
Submitted
12 Jul 2016
Accepted
08 Aug 2016
First published
08 Aug 2016

RSC Adv., 2016,6, 77143-77150

Preparation of renewable lignin-derived nitrogen-doped carbon nanospheres as anodes for lithium-ion batteries

H. Zhao, Q. Wang, Y. Deng, Q. Shi, Y. Qian, B. Wang, L. Lü and X. Qiu, RSC Adv., 2016, 6, 77143 DOI: 10.1039/C6RA17793J

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