Ti3C2 MXenes modified with in situ grown carbon nanotubes for enhanced electromagnetic wave absorption properties

Abstract

Ti₃C₂T_x MXenes modified with in situ grown carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are fabricated via a simple catalytic chemical vapor deposition (CVD) process. The as-prepared Ti₃C₂T_x/CNT nanocomposites show that one-dimensional (1D) carbon nanotubes are uniformly distributed in the interlayers of two-dimensional (2D) Ti₃C₂T_x MXene flakes. Compared with the pristine Ti₃C₂T_x MXenes, the hierarchical sandwich microstructure makes a contribution to the excellent electromagnetic wave absorption performance in the frequency range of 2–18 GHz, including higher absorption intensity (the minimum reflection coefficient reaches −52.9 dB, ∼99.999% absorption), broader effective absorption bandwidth (4.46 GHz), lower filler loading (35 wt%) and thinner thickness (only 1.55 mm). In addition, with the adjustment of thickness from 1.55 to 5 mm, the effective absorption bandwidth can reach up to 14.54 GHz (3.46–18 GHz). Different absorption mechanisms mainly based on polarization behaviors and conductivity loss are discussed. This work not only proposes the design of a novel electromagnetic wave absorber, but also provides an effective route for extending further the applications of 2D MXene materials in the field of electromagnetic wave absorption.