Preparation and electromagnetic wave absorbing properties of 3D graphene/pine needle-like iron nano-acicular whisker composites

Abstract

The improvement of high reflection loss and broad frequency bandwidth for electromagnetic wave absorption materials is a long-term effort. The superb micro-structures of the absorber have significant impact on increasing reflection loss and broadening frequency bandwidth. Herein, we prepared 3D graphene by chemical vapor deposition and then 3D graphene/pine needle-like iron nano-acicular whisker composites were in situ synthesized by an electrochemical deposition process under an electric field using 3D graphene as substrate. The nano-acicular whiskers show different sizes and the mean diameter of the individual iron nano-acicular whiskers was about 150 nm. The saturation magnetization (M_S) of the 3D graphene/iron nano-acicular whisker composite was about 42.65 emu g⁻¹ and the coercivity (H_c) was 143 Oe, and it shows good magnetic properties. In the frequency range of 2–18 GHz, the reflection loss value of the graphene/iron nano-acicular whisker composites with a thickness of 2 mm could reach −12.81 dB at 10.95 GHz and the effective absorption bandwidth below −10 dB was 2.16 GHz. The nano-acicular whiskers could effectively improve the electromagnetic wave absorbing properties. The results suggested that the as-prepared graphene/iron nano-acicular whisker nanocomposite showed great potential applications as a new absorber material.