A flower-like NiO–SnO2 nanocomposite and its non-enzymatic catalysis of glucose

Abstract

A flower-like NiO–SnO₂ nanocomposite (NSNF) with electrochemical activity was synthesized by a solvothermal method. The morphology and composition of the NSNF have been characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The synthesized NSNF was immobilized onto the surface of an indium tin oxide (ITO) electrode and exhibited highly non-enzymatic catalysis towards the oxidation of glucose. The effect of NaOH concentration on the oxidation performance of glucose was investigated. Under the optimum conditions, the catalytic current showed a linear relationship with the increase of glucose concentration in the range of 0.01–26 mM, with a detection limit of 1 μM. The excellent sensing performance can be attributed to the unique porous architecture of NSNF, which enhanced the electron transfer during the electrochemical sensing of glucose. The glucose sensor also had a high selectivity for glucose detection, which could effectively resist the interference from ascorbic acid (AA), uric acid (UA), citric acid (CA), hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) and even other carbohydrates, such as fructose, sucrose and maltose. Finally, the glucose sensor was also used for glucose detection in real human serum samples and the results were satisfactory.