Functionalized polyoxometalate-based metal–organic cuboctahedra for selective adsorption toward cationic dyes in aqueous solution

Abstract

Two functionalized polyoxovanadate-based metal–organic polyhedra with heterocube formations are synthesized under solvothermal conditions. The structures of VMOP-18 and VMOP-19 display similar cuboctahedral geometries when the polyoxovanadate {V₆O₆(OCH₃)₉X(COO)₃}ⁿ⁻ (X = VO₄, n = 1; SO₄, n = 2) building units and organic ligands are considered as triangular faces of the polyhedra. Each cuboctahedron was surrounded by eight neighbouring cuboctahedra via strong C–H⋯π interactions, leading to a 3D open supramolecular structure. Furthermore, the absorption ability toward the ionic dyes of VMOP-18 was investigated. Only cationic dyes can be absorbed into the cavity of VMOP-18, which indicates that the cationic dye absorption process is an ion-exchange process.