Issue 22, 2019

Sensitive Raman detection of human recombinant interleukin-6 mediated by DCDR/GERS hybrid platforms

Abstract

Recombinant human interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a key cytokine that plays an important role in the immune system and inflammatory response, explaining why any modification of its concentration in biological fluids is considered a signal of a pathological condition. Therefore, it is important to develop alternative, highly sensitive and reliable analytical methodologies to detect and identify this analyte in biological fluids. Herein, we present a proof of concept for the development of a new analytical hybrid platform for IL-6 detection that is based on the combination of drop-coating deposition Raman (DCDR) spectroscopy and graphene-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (GERS) effects. The sensitivity limits for IL-6 detection were found to be a function of the type of substrate used. When a 1 μL droplet of IL-6 solution is deposited and dried on an Si substrate, a DCDR effect occurs, and a detection limit below 1 ng mL−1 is obtained; however, when the same is performed using a hybrid substrate of reduced graphene oxide and silicon (rGO/Si), the joint action of DCDR and GERS effects results in a detection limit well below 1 pg mL−1. It is important to note that this result implies the absolute mass detection of 1 fg of IL-6. In summary, the Raman spectroscopy DCDR/GERS analytical platform proposed here allows the reliable identification of, as well as the very sensitive detection of, IL-6 and promises to improve the performance of clinical evaluations of this biomarker that are currently in use. In this study, the Raman spectra of IL-6 in powder and solution, together with the corresponding band assignment, are presented for the first time in the literature.

Graphical abstract: Sensitive Raman detection of human recombinant interleukin-6 mediated by DCDR/GERS hybrid platforms

Supplementary files

Article information

Article type
Paper
Submitted
24 Feb 2019
Accepted
08 Apr 2019
First published
17 Apr 2019
This article is Open Access
Creative Commons BY-NC license

RSC Adv., 2019,9, 12269-12275

Sensitive Raman detection of human recombinant interleukin-6 mediated by DCDR/GERS hybrid platforms

E. de la O-Cuevas, I. Badillo-Ramírez, S. R. Islas, C. Araujo-Andrade and J. M. Saniger, RSC Adv., 2019, 9, 12269 DOI: 10.1039/C9RA01396B

This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 3.0 Unported Licence. You can use material from this article in other publications, without requesting further permission from the RSC, provided that the correct acknowledgement is given and it is not used for commercial purposes.

To request permission to reproduce material from this article in a commercial publication, please go to the Copyright Clearance Center request page.

If you are an author contributing to an RSC publication, you do not need to request permission provided correct acknowledgement is given.

If you are the author of this article, you do not need to request permission to reproduce figures and diagrams provided correct acknowledgement is given. If you want to reproduce the whole article in a third-party commercial publication (excluding your thesis/dissertation for which permission is not required) please go to the Copyright Clearance Center request page.

Read more about how to correctly acknowledge RSC content.

Social activity

Spotlight

Advertisements