Issue 2, 2004

Heterogeneous enantioselective catalysts: strategies for the immobilisation of homogeneous catalysts

Abstract

Enantioselective formation of C–H, C–C, C–O and C–N bonds has been extensively studied using homogeneous asymmetric catalysts for many years. However, these catalysts have yet to make a significant impact in the industrial synthesis of fine chemicals. A central reason is that homogeneous asymmetric catalyst design requires relatively bulky ligands and catalyst re-use through recovery and recycle often causes problems. One mechanism to overcome this problem is to immobilise the asymmetric catalyst onto a support and the resulting heterogeneous asymmetric catalyst can, in principle, be readily re-used. This tutorial review covers the different methodologies for immobilisation, including: adsorption, encapsulation, tethering using a covalent bond and electrostatic interaction and is aimed at both researchers new to the field and those with a wider interest in the immobilisation of homogeneous catalysts. Most importantly, recent studies will be highlighted that demonstrate that immobilised catalysts can give higher enantioselection when compared with their non-immobilised counterparts and the question of how high enantioselection can be achieved is addressed.

Graphical abstract: Heterogeneous enantioselective catalysts: strategies for the immobilisation of homogeneous catalysts

Article information

Article type
Tutorial Review
Submitted
23 Jul 2003
First published
29 Jan 2004

Chem. Soc. Rev., 2004,33, 108-122

Heterogeneous enantioselective catalysts: strategies for the immobilisation of homogeneous catalysts

P. McMorn and G. J. Hutchings, Chem. Soc. Rev., 2004, 33, 108 DOI: 10.1039/B200387M

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