Improved photocatalytic activity of Sn4+ doped TiO2 nanoparticulate films prepared by plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition
Abstract
Sn4+ ion doped TiO2
(TiO2–Sn4+) nanoparticulate films with a doping ratio of about 7∶100 [(Sn)∶(Ti)] were prepared by the plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PCVD) method. The doping mode (lattice Ti substituted by Sn4+ ions) and the doping energy level of Sn4+ were determined by