Base-controlled regio-divergent C–H bond functionalization

Abstract

The choice of appropriate directing groups, catalysts, ligands, bases, and solvents to give different regioisomers from the same precursors can improve the efficiency and atom economy in synthetic organic chemistry, while minimizing costs and expanding know chemical space. Base-controlled regio-divergent C–H bond functionalization is an important control strategy in organic synthesis, with the advantages of being operationally simple, and using cheap and available bases with low-toxicity that are easily separable. This highlight is classified into three sections: base-controlled, base-controlled transition metal-catalysed and base-controlled photocatalytic regio-divergent C–H bond functionalization. By summarizing the C–H bond activation model, the mechanisms underlying the regio-divergence and the influencing factors, this highlight aims to deepen the understanding of selective C–H bond functionalization at a molecular level. We expect that this highlight article will provide valuable information for understanding the mechanism of C–H bond functionalization, whilst providing a reference for developing green, efficient C–H bond transformation strategies.